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Key background concept: DNA structure

Two views of the structure of DNA

 


 

 

Each DNA strand is composed of a string of nucleotides, consisting of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a base (A, G, T, or C).


The shapes of the A and T (and of the C and G) molecules allow them to bind with one another, creating two complementary strands which twist together to form a double helix.


The order of the bases is specific to each organism and carries all the information it needs to function.